DIFFERENT ADMIN LEVELS AND RESPONCIBILY:>>

Level I: Novice System Administrator
Required Skills

• 1.Strong interpersonal and communication skills; capable of explaining simple procedures in writing or verbally; good phone skills.
• 2.Familiar with an operating system and its commands/utilities at a user level; can edit files, issue commands, find users' home directories, navigate through the file system, and use I/O redirection.
• 3.Able to follow instructions well.

Required Background
* Two years of college or equivalent post-high school education or experience.
Desirable Background and Skills

• 1 A degree or certificate in computer science or a related field.
• 2 Previous experience in customer support, computer operations, system administration, or another related area.
• 3 Motivated to advance in the profession.

Appropriate Responsibilities

• Performs routine tasks under the direct supervision of a more experienced administrator.
• Acts as a front-line interface to users, accepting trouble reports and dispatching them to appropriate system administrators.

Level II: Junior System Administrator
Required Skills
1 Strong interpersonal and communication skills; capable of training users in applications and operating system fundamentals and writing basic documentation.
 2  High skill with most operating system commands/utilities.
3  Familiarity with most basic system administration tools and processes; for example, can boot/shut down a machine, add and remove user accounts, use backup programs and fsck or chkdsk, maintain system database files (groups, hosts, aliases, usermanager).
4 Fundamental understanding of an operating system; for example, understands job control, soft and hard links or shortcuts, distinctions between the kernel and the user environment.

Required Background

• 1 One to three years of system administration experience.
• 2 Desirable Background and Skills
• 3 A degree in computer science or a related field.
• 4 Familiarity with networked/distributed computing environment concepts; for example, can use the route command or administer routing and remote access service, add a workstation to a network, and mount remote filesystems.
• Ability to write scripts in some administrative language (Tk, Perl, VBScript, a shell).
•  5 Programming experience in any applicable language.

Appropriate Responsibilities

• Administers a small, uniform site alone or assists in the administration of a larger system.
• Works under the general supervision of a system administrator or computer systems manager.

Level III: Intermediate/Advanced System Administrator
Required Skills

• Strong interpersonal and communication skills; capable of writing purchase justifications, training users in complex topics, making presentations to an internal audience, and interacting positively with upper management.
• Independent problem-solving, self-direction.
• Comfortable with most aspects of operating system administration; for example, configuration of mail systems, system installation and configuration, printer systems, fundamentals of security, installing third-party software.
• Has a solid understanding of a UNIX-based operating system; understands paging and swapping, inter-process communication, devices and what device drivers do, filesystem concepts (inode, clustering, logical partitions).
• Familiarity with fundamental networking/distributed computing environment concepts; can configure NFS and NIS, NT domains; can use nslookup or dig to check information in the DNS; understands basic routing concepts.
• Ability to write scripts in some administrative language (Tk, Perl, VBScript, a shell).
• Ability to do minimal debugging and modification of C programs.

Required Background

• Three to five years of system administration experience.
• Desirable Background and Skills
• A degree in computer science or a related field.
• Significant programming background in any applicable language.

Appropriate Responsibilities

• Receives general instructions for new responsibilities from supervisor.
• Administers a complex site alone or assists in the administration of a larger site.
• Initiates some new responsibilities and helps to plan for the future of the site/network.
• Manages novice system administrators or operators.
• Evaluates and/or recommends purchases; has strong influence on purchasing process.

Level IV: Senior System Administrator
Required Skills
i Strong interpersonal and communications skills; capable of writing proposals or papers, acting as a vendor liaison, making presentations to customers or client audiences or professional peers, and working closely with upper management.
ii Ability to solve problems quickly and automate processes.
iii A solid understanding of an operating system; understands paging and swapping, inter-process communications, devices and what device drivers do, filesystem concepts (inode, clustering, logical partitions), can use performance analysis to tune systems.
iiii A solid understanding of networking/distributed computing environment concepts; understands principles of routing, client/server programming, the design of consistent network-wide filesystem layouts.
iiiii Ability to program in an administrative language (Tk, Perl, VBScript, a shell), to port C programs from one platform to another, and to write small C or C# programs.

Required Background 

>More than five years of previous system administration experience.
Desirable Background and Skills

i A degree in computer science or a related field.
ii Extensive programming background in any applicable language.
iii Publications within the field of system administration.

Appropriate Responsibilities
1 Designs/implements complex local and wide-area networks of machines.
2 Manages a large, complex site or network.
3 Works under general direction from senior management.
4 Establishes/recommends policies on system use and services.
5 Provides technical lead and/or supervises system administrators, system programmers, or others of equivalent seniority.
6 Has purchasing authority and responsibility for purchase justification.

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